Nguyễn Văn Thắng is a Vietnamese politician. He is currently a member of the 13th Central Committee of the Communist Party of Vietnam, a member of the National Assembly for the 14th and 15th terms, the Minister of Finance of Vietnam, former Secretary of the Điện Biên Provincial Party Committee, Head of the Delegation of the National Assembly deputies for the 14th and 15th terms from Điện Biên Province, and the former Minister of Transport of Vietnam.